A comprehensive survey of whale optimization algorithm: modifications and classification

Whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is an emerging nature-inspired, swarm-intelligence based to solve problems more efficiently. This on the bubble-net hunting strategy of humpback whales. It has gained immense popularity among researchers, typically, due its simple nature, fast convergence, and having minimum parameters. In recent past, it been widely adopted in various fields including data mining, machine learning, wireless sensor networks, cloud computing, civil engineering, power systems optimal performance. The WOA given competitive results comparison state-of-the-art algorithms. this study, we aim present a comprehensive survey consisting than eighty existing variants WOA. More specifically, intend put forward key aspects with reference modifications applications. Further, classify most dominant distinct categories modification area such as equation modification, parameter tuning or problem space for which specifically altered. We believe that study will be beneficial community working can serve basis understanding improvement process algorithm.